Trade between two nations (like India and Bangladesh) or one nation and the rest of the globe is referred to as international trade (e.g., India and Great Britain, Germany, the U.S.A., etc.). Bilateral trade and multilateral trade are two different terms for the same thing.
The trading between the various regions of the same nation is known as domestic trade or internal trade (e.g., the trade between Calcutta and Mumbai or Calcutta and Chennai, etc.). That should be noted these two types of trading share some characteristics.
Domestic and international trade are both products of specialization. A country attempts to import the commodities and services it lacks from other countries, just as one section of a country brings things from other regions to compensate for the shortcomings.
Each nation has its distinct currency, which is only accepted within that nation’s borders. The rupee is used as money in India, the franc is used in France, and the dollar is used in the United States. Payment must be made in francs, which must be obtained on the foreign currency market if an Indian importer purchases items from a French firm.
Basically, it is essential to keep in mind that there are only slight differences between these two types of transactions. After all, specialization is the root of all trade (regional or international). Due to these distinctions between domestic and international trade, economists have developed a unique theory for international trade called the principle of comparative cost (advantage).
Domestic Trade
Domestic trade is significant because it makes it easier for people to exchange products within a nation. By doing this, it also ensures that the necessary manufacturing inputs are delivered to the appropriate locations, enabling the nation’s economy to expand. Allowing all various kinds of commodities and services to reach every arenavirus of the nation raises both the standard of living and employment rate of the nation’s citizens. Also, by securing the availability of raw resources, it promotes the expansion of an industry.
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